作业的要求来自于：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE2/homework/2941
1.从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anews
import requestsfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupfrom datetime import datetimeimport redef click(url): id = re.findall('(\d{1,5})',url)[-1]#返回所有匹配的字符串的字符串列表的最后一个 clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(id) resClick = requests.get(clickUrl) newsClick = int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');")) return newsClick#时间def newsdt(showinfo): newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1] newsTime = showinfo.split()[1] newsDT = newsDate+' '+newsTime dt = datetime.strptime(newsDT,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')#转换成datetime类型 return dt#内容def anews(url): newsDetail = {} res = requests.get(url) res.encoding = 'utf-8' soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') newsDetail['newsTitle'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text#题目 showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text newsDetail['newsDT'] = newsdt(showinfo)#时间 newsDetail['newsClick'] = click(newsUrl)#点击次数 return newsDetailnewsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2019/xiaoyuanxinwen_0404/11155.html'print(anews(newsUrl)) 效果如图所示：
2.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist
上述代码+def alist(url): res = requests.get(listUrl) res.encoding = 'utf-8' soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') newsList = [] for news in soup.select('li'):#获取li元素 if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:#如果存在新闻题目 newsUrl = news.select('a')[0]['href']#获取新闻的链接 newsDesc = news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text#获取摘要文本 newsDict = anews(newsUrl)#通过链接获取题目时间点击数 newsDict['description'] = newsDesc newsList.append(newsDict)#把每个新闻的信息放进字典扩展到列表里 return newsListlistUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'print(alist(listUrl)) 效果如图所示：
3.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews
*每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页
allnews = []for i in range(59,69): listUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i) allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))print(len(allnews))print(allnews) 效果如图所示：
4.设置合理的爬取间隔
import time
import random
time.sleep(random.random()*3)
for i in range(5): print(i) time.sleep(random.random()*3)
5.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存
保存到csv或excel文件
newsdf.to_csv(r'F:\duym\爬虫\gzccnews.csv')
保存到数据库
import sqlite3
with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb.sqlite') as db: newsdf.to_sql('gzccnewsdb',db) newsdf.to_csv('123.csv') #在本地项目下生成一个表格存储爬取新闻内容with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb.sqlite') as db: newsdf.to_sql('gzccnewsdb',db) #在本地项目下生成一个数据库存储爬取新闻内容
运行效果如图所示：
csv文件内容如下：
sqlite文件内容如下：
